The False Seal/Mark of the Beast
by Paul Sides

The Mark or Seal of this Beast (Christianity) is probably the most misunderstood mysteries to date.  Please read: False Sacrifice (The Abomination of Desolation).

Many people know what it is but have mis-applied what it means.  The Bible says the Mark is that of the "Beast" or progressive religious system that came over time (1st Beast "Jesus", 2nd Beast "Christianity") and that Mark is found in the number/name of "a man".  This "man" is the human leader of The Beast, NOT the Beast himself.  He, in fact, is the False Prophet.  Just so happens the human head of the Beast (false prophet) is where the numerical Mark is found in the title of this human office.  This does NOT mean this office is the False Messiah of The Beast.  It simply means we can identify The Beast by the title (name) and numerical representation of that name which is found in "a man" who holds the highest office within the system of The Beast.

The Mark of Seal of this Beast is:

Monogram of Christ
from the Catholic Encyclopedia

By the Monogram of Christ is ordinarily understood the abbreviation of Christ's name formed by combining the first two letters of the Greek form (see Greek word 1, in table above) thus (see Monogram a); this monogram was also known as the Chrismon. There are, however, besides this type of monogram, two other monograms of Christ -- one of His name, Jesus, the other of both His names together. The most common form (that first alluded to), was adopted by Constantine the Great on his military standards. The monogram of the famous labarum (q. v.), as described by Eusebius (Vita Const., I, xxxi), is that given above. Lactantius (De mont. persec., xliv) describes it as "transversa X littera summo capite circumflexo", a somewhat obscure expression interpreted by Hauck ("Realencyk. für prot. Theol", s. vv. Monogramm Christi) as a X with one of its strokes perpendicular (see Monogram b) and the upper arm of this stroke rounded to form a P (see Monogram c). Many variants of these two forms exist in the monuments of the fourth and fifth centuries. The Greek letters XP combined in a monogram occur on pre-Christian coins (e. g. the Attic tetradrachma and some coins of the Ptolemies), and in some Greek manuscripts of the Christian period they are employed as an abbreviation of such words as (see Greek words 2, 3, 4). Lowrie remarks, however, that when employed as an abbreviation the X stands upright, whereas in the monogram of Christ it lies on its side (see Monogram d), thus appearing more symmetrical. The form (see Monogram c), is of Christian origin; it came into use in the course of the fourth century, and represents a stage in the development of the monogram into the cross.

NOTE:  The sign of the cross is made on the forehead and chest by the right hand in the form of a cross while reciting the pagan trinity.  It is the pagan ritual of the cross of Tammuz.

THE LITERAL MEANING OF VFD
    VICARIVS - substituting for, or in place of
    FILII - means son 
    DEI - means God 
    VFD literally means the replacement for the Son of God.  And is a title for the office of Pope.  Using the Biblical system of gematria is VFD = 666.

It is also found in the words Jesus Christ... see False Sacrifice (The Abomination of Desolation)

This has confused everyone because they then "assume" the False Messiah is the man whose name defines the Mark.  This is not true.  The False Messiah is the Messiah of The Beast, the mark is defined by the False Prophet of the Beast...  The Mark identifies that Beast it is not the name/number of the False Messiah.  The Bible doesn't say to calculate the number/name of the False Messiah.  It says calculate the name/number of The Beast which is that of "a man".

"He also forced everyone, small and great, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on his right hand or on his forehead so that no one could buy or sell unless he had the mark, which is the name of the beast or the number of his name. This calls for wisdom. If anyone has insight, let him calculate the number of the beast, for it is man's number. His number is 666" (Rev. 13:16-18).

The Beast is the entire system (Trinity/Jesus/Pope/Christianity) and this Mark identifies that Beast.  The Mark is The Trinity/The Cross/VFD.  People are confused because it has been taught The Beast=The Anti-Christ=The Mark.  That is NOT what the Bible says.  It says The Beast=Christianity and the Mark of this Beast is the name/number of "a man" which so happens to be the False Prophet of this Beast.  Nowhere does it say The False Messiah=Name/Number 666.  It says:
Also 666 is represented by SFS and is engraved on the Onstrance which is a pagan symbol of Sun Worship:

Now we get back to Jesus Christ! The monogram for the name "Jesus" is IHS.  This is where we get "Jesus H. Christ".  It is a hidden name and acronym for Isis, Horus, and Seb (IHS).  IHS is derived from the pagan Greek word form Jesus ΙΗΣΟUΣ.  In the pagan religion, Horus was the divine son of Seb and Isis (Father/Holy Spirit).  This is where the false doctrine of the Trinity originated and why the "Virgin Mary" was elevated to Queen of Heaven and Mother of God.  So, the term we use "Jesus H. Christ" in reality H stands for Horas the divine pagan son of Isis.  YHVH was given pagan symbols such as the blazing sun and associated with Appolo the sun god and worshipped on Sunday the day of the Sun God.

Looking now at the symbol that represents Jesus H. Christ or IHS we see all this pagan symbolism.

And we see 666 written all over the Beast of Christianity from its Monstrance to its Trinity to its Cross to the name/number of the head office... the Pope.  All churches that worship on Sunday and put faith in IHS - Jesus Christ and believe in a pagan Trinity god are all worshipping the Anti-Christ.

 


 

666, The Number of the Beast


Rev 13:16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads:
Rev 13:17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name.
Rev 13:18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.

Note that according to verse 17, there are three different characteristics that distinguish the beast:

  • his mark (of authority)
  • his name
  • the number of his name (666).

It might be argued by some that 666 must be applied to one man's name, and that this will then help identify him as the antichrist. I would offer the following verse to show that 666 need not apply solely to a man's name:

Rev 19:16 And he hath on his vesture and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.

The same Greek word translated as name (onoma: G3686) that appears in Revelation 13:17-18 is also used in chapter 19:16, so clearly the word can also apply to a title, and not just one man's name. Now, we are told that it takes a certain understanding and wisdom to discern just how this number is actually applied. Based on the fact that 666 can apply to a title, below are several words and phrases that have been put forth over the centuries as probable solutions to the enigma of 666.

GREEK

The numeric equivalents of Greek letters can also be found in the Encyclopedia Britannica under "Languages of the World", Table 8.

The ancient Greek word for "the Latin speaking man" is LATEINOS

L =   30  lambda 
A =     1  alpha 
T = 300  tau
E =     5  epsilon 
I =     10  iota 
N =   50  nu 
O =   70  omicron 
S = 200  sigma 
------------ 
    666 

NOTE: Latin is the official language of the Roman Catholic Church. Church Documents are usually published first in Latin, and then translated from the Latin into other languages. The association of "Lateinos" with 666 was first suggested by Irenæus (ca. 130-202 A.D.) who proposed in his Against Heresies that it might be the name of the fourth kingdom in Daniel 7:7. Then also Lateinos has the number six hundred and sixty-six; and it is a very probable [solution], this being the name of the last kingdom [of the four seen by Daniel]. For the Latins are they who at present bear rule: I will not, however, make any boast over this [coincidence].

Source: Against Heresies, by Irenæus, Book 5, chapter 30, paragraph 3.
St. Irenaeus biography online at the New Advent Catholic web site.

The ancient Greek for
"The Latin Kingdom" is
HE LATINE BASILEIA
 BASILEIA is Strong's # G932
The ancient Greek for
"Italian Church" is
ITALIKA EKKLESIA

 EKKLESIA is Strong's # G1577 
And in ancient Greek
the word APOSTATES   
And in ancient Greek
the word for "tradition"
PARADOSIS
Strong's # G3862
H =      0 (transliterated) 
E =      8 eta 
   
L =    30 lambda 
A =     1 alpha 
T =  300 tau 
I =     10 iota 
N =   50 nu 
E =     8 eta 
   
   
B =     2 beta 
A =     1 alpha 
S =  200 sigma 
I =     10 iota 
L =    30 lambda 
E =      5 epsilon 
I =     10 iota 
A =      1 alpha 

 

    666 
I =    10 iota 
T = 300  tau 
A =     1 alpha 
L =   30 lambda 
I =     10 iota 
K =   20 kappa 
A =     1 alpha 
   
   
E =     5 epsilon 
K =   20 kappa 
K =   20 kappa 
L =   30 lambda 
E =     8 eta 
S =  200 sigma 
I =     10 iota 
A =     1 alpha 

 

    666 
A =     1  alpha 
P =   80 pi
O =   70  omicron 
ST =   6 stigma*
A =     1  alpha 
T = 300  tau 
E =     8  eta 
S =  200  sigma 

 

    666 

* Stigma xes3is a now obsolete Greek  character, but it appears in the New Testament in Rev 13:18 to give the value 666 (chi xi stigma - See Strong's Concordance, # G5516).
 

P =   80 pi
A =     1  alpha 
R = 100 rho
A =     1 alpha
D =     4 delta
O =   70  omicron 
S =  200  sigma
I =     10 iota
S =  200  sigma 

 

    666 

 

 


LATIN


 

NUMERAL NAME VALUE
I unus 1
V quinque 5
X decem 10
L quinquaginta 50
C centum 100
D quingenti 500
M mille 1000


VICARIUS FILII DEI

THE LITERAL MEANING:  VICARIUS - substituting for, or in place of 
  FILII - means son 
  DEI - means God 

  

          V =     5           F = no value D = 500
           I =      1           I =     1 E = no value
          C = 100           L = 50  I  =     1
          A = no value           I =     1 -------------
          R = no value           I =     1 501
           I =      1           --------------  
          U =     5                  53  
          S = no value    
              ---------------    
                  112

112 + 53+ 501 = 666

 

 DUX CLERI
translated means Captain of the Clergy

D = 500 
U =     5 
X =   10 
 
C = 100 
L =   50 
E = no value 
R = no value 
I =       1 
--------------------
     666 

 

 LUDOVICUS
translated means Vicar of the Court

L =   50 
U =     5 
D = 500 
O = no value 
V =     5 
I =       1 
C = 100 
U =     5 
S = no value 
--------------------
      666 

 


HEBREW


The numeric equivalents of Hebrew letters can be found in the Encyclopedia Britannica under "Languages of the World", Table 50.

ROMIITH
means the Roman Kingdom  

R =   200  resh 
O =       6  waw (vav) 
M =     40  mem 
I =       10  yod 
I =       10  yod 
TH = 400  taw 
-------------- 
        666

 

ROMITI
means the Roman Man

R = 200  resh 
O =     6  waw (vav) 
M =   40  mem 
I =     10  yod 
T = 400  taw 
I =     10  yod 
----------
      666 

 


Note:

  • Lateinos, Ecclesia Italika, and Romith are cited as possible solutions by Johannes Gerhard (1582-1637), a Lutheran, in his Adnotationes in Apocalypsin, page 110.
  • Romith, Vicarius Filii Dei, Dux Cleri, Ordinarius Ovilis Christi Pastor, and Dic Lux are cited by the rector of Berlin, Andreas Helwig [or Helwich] (1572-1643) in his Antichristus Romanus.
  • Dux Cleri is cited by Walter Brute (or Britte), a fourteenth century follower of Wycliff, in his Registrum, page 356.
  • Ludovicus was proposed by James Bicheno (d. 1831), a British minister and author, applying it at the time to the French King Louis XIV, as the two-horned beast from the earth.
  • He Latine Basileia and Lateinos are cited by Alexander Campbell (1788-1866), founder of the Disciples of Christ, in A Debate on the Roman Catholic Religion of 1837.

See The PROPHETIC FAITH OF OUR FATHERS, The Historical Development of Prophetic Interpretation, by Le Roy Edwin Froom, Volumes II and IV, published by the Review and Herald Publishing Association, Washington D.C., Copyright 1948.


This relationship of 666 in Greek, Latin, and Hebrew is only one relatively small, yet important indicator that the Papacy is the Antichrist and the beast from the sea of Revelation 13. This association by itself proves little, as 666 can fit other people using the same methods. All the other biblical characteristics of the Antichrist must be considered and met as well, then this association becomes significant. 


  666 and CÆSAR NERO

Some will suggest that the book of Revelation was written only for those living at the time, and that 666 most probably applies to Cæsar Nero, who ruled Rome from 54 to 68 A.D., rather than someone from latter centuries. This point of view, which suggests Revelation had an immediate application to the first century, rather than being prophetic, is known as preterism, and is commonly held by the Catholic Church. So, just how is Nero linked to 666?

The preterist takes a relatively uncommon form of Nero's name, Nero Cæsar or Cæsar Nero, and adds an "n", resulting in Neron Cæsar. Next the Latin is transliterated into Aramaic, resulting in nrwn qsr, which when using the numeric equivalent of the letters, then adds up to 666 as follows:

Nun  50 
Resh  = 200 
Waw  =
Nun  50 
 
Qoph  100 
Samech  60 
Resh  200 

An example of this spelling has apparently been recently discovered in one of the Dead Sea scrolls. If you use the same process, but without the added "n" the result is 616. Interestingly, some early manuscripts have 616 rather than 666, but even scholars such as Irenæus [A.D. 120-202] attribute the 616 to only a copyist error (Against Heresies: Book V Chapter XXX.), "this number [666] being found in all the most approved and ancient copies" [of the Apocalypse] and asserts that "men who saw John face to face bearing their testimony" [to it - 666].

There is a problem though with the above calculation. According to the rules of Jewish numerology, known as gematria, when the letter Nun appears a second time in a word, it is known as a "Final", and takes the value of 700.* So to be precise, NRWN QSR actually adds up to 1316 and not 666.

*Source: Behind Numerology, by Shirley Blackwell Lawrence, copyright 1989, published by Newcastle Publishing Co., Inc., North Hollywood, California, ISBN 0-87877-145-X, page 41.

So the preterist calculation which attributes 666 to Nero, however, is nothing more than a rather desperate attempt to find some likely candidate for the Antichrist other than the Papacy.

 
  THE WORD ANTI-

Look up in Strong's Concordance word 473 in the Greek dictionary. You will find the the word anti is often used to denote substitution-

473. anti, an-tee'; a prim. particle; opposite, i.e. instead or because of (rarely in addition to):--for, in the room of. Often used in composition to denote contrast, requital, *substitution*, correspondence, etc.

An example of how anti is used this way can be found in the words type and antitype, which are used with respect to Bible prophecy. The "type" is the pattern or symbol, and the antitype is the fulfillment. The Jewish Passover was a "type" and the crucifixion of Jesus is the "antitype" or fulfillment of the example of the type. You substitute the antitype into the symbolism of the type to arrive at the complete meaning.

The Catholic Church has essentially confirmed this usage of the word anti. In the 1994 Catholic Almanac on page 158 there is "the list of men who claimed or exercised the papal office in an uncanonical manner." So these men tried to substitute themselves for the true Pope, and usurp that office, so to speak. The Catholic church denies the papal authority of the men on that list because they attempted a substitute (false) claim on the Papacy. That list is a list of ANTI-POPES! So the word anti can clearly mean a substitute for something.

 THE WORD ANTICHRIST

Antichrist (word 500 in Strong's Greek dictionary) can be correctly interpreted then, as someone who substitutes himself for Jesus Christ, the Son of God, just as an antipope substituted himself into the office of the Papacy.

The Vicar of Christ (Vicarius Christi)

"Vicar of Christ . . . Title used almost exclusively of the Bishop of Rome as successor of Peter and, therefore, the one in the Church who particularly takes the place of Christ; but used also of bishops in general and even of priests. First used by the Roman Synod of A.D. 495 to refer to Pope Gelasius; more commonly in Roman curial usage to refer to the Bishop of Rome during the pontificate of Pope Eugene III (1145-1153). Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) asserted explicitly that the Pope is the Vicar of Christ; further defined at the Council of Florence in the Decree for the Greeks (1439) and Vatican Council I in Pastor Aerternus (1870). The Second Vatican Council, in Lumen Gentium , n.27, calls bishops in general "vicars and legates of Christ." All bishops are vicars of Christ for their local churches in their ministerial functions as priest, prophet, and king, as the Pope is for the universal church; the title further denotes they exercise their authority in the Church not by delegation from any other person, but from Christ Himself."

Source: Catholic Dictionary, Peter M.J. Stravinskas, Editor, published by Our Sunday Visitor, Inc., Huntington, 1993, pp. 484-485.

THE WORDS VICARIOUS AND VICAR

Now look up the word vicarious in almost any common dictionary. Here is what you would find in the Webster Handy College Dictionary: "substituting for or, feeling in place of another."

Also in the Webster's II New Riverside Desk Dictionary for the definition of Vicar-

1. A parish priest in the Church of England.
2. A cleric in the Episcopal Church in charge of a chapel.
3. One who serves as a *substitute* for another.

A Vicar General is defined in the 1994 Catholic Almanac on page 330 as "a priest or bishop appointed by the bishop of a diocese to serve as his deputy, with ordinary executive power, in the administration of the diocese." So a vicar serves in the place of (substituting for) the bishop, and assumes his power of office for certain duties.

So the Papal title of VICAR OF CHRIST which in Latin is VICARIUS CHRISTI, means a SUBSTITUTE FOR CHRIST, which is synonymous with Antichrist, i.e., assuming the power of God on earth! This blasphemous claim is made repeatedly by various Popes and is the very foundation of Roman Catholicism and it's Papacy.

Some Catholics may protest that the Pope represents, but does not substitute for Jesus Christ, to avoid the association.

 Now, from the Webster Hand College Dictionary, the definition of the word represent:

1. portray; depict; describe.
2. play the role of; impersonate.
3. denote; symbolize; stand for.
4. speak and act for; *be a substitute for*.
5. set forth; assert.
6. be composed of; consist in.

Clearly then, Vicar of Christ (Vicarius Christi) and Antichrist have exactly the same meaning. The Pope substitutes himself in place of God on earth, and that is *exactly* the meaning of Antichrist.


VICAR OF THE SON OF GOD


Some Catholics will claim that the title VICARIUS FILII DEI is an anti-catholic fabrication, a complete fake, never used by the Catholic church. One example of this is online at the Catholic Envoy Magazine in the article titled Pope Fiction by Patrick Madrid (See Fiction 5). My complete discussion with Patrick Madrid.

The following evidence is offered to prove that VICARIUS FILII DEI is indeed genuine.

Vicarius Filii Dei translated in English is Vicar of the Son of God, a phrase that has been used by Catholics:

[pg. 140]

... there are Catholics who talk against the temporal power of the Pope, either because they have been stunned by the clamours of a Protestant people, or because they are white-hearted, and have not courage to stand in the face of popular falsehood for an unpopular truth. The spirit of Protestant Englandits lawlessness, its pride, its contempt, and its enmity to the Church of Godhas made Catholics too to be cold-hearted, even when the Vicar of Jesus Christ is insulted. We have need, then, to be upon our guard. It shall happen once more with some, as it did when the Son of God was in His Passionthey saw Him betrayed, bound, carried away, buffeted, blindfolded, and scourged; they saw Him carry His Cross to Calvary, then nailed upon it, and lifted up to the scorn of the world; and they said, "If he be the king of Israel, let him now come down from the cross, and we will believe him."* So in like manner they say now, "See this Catholic Church, this Church of God, feeble and weak, rejected even by the very nations called Catholic. There is Catholic France, and Catholic Germany, and Catholic Italy, giving up this exploded figment of the temporal power of the Vicar of Jesus Christ." And

* St. Matt. xxvii. 42.

[pg. 141]

so, because the Church seems weak, and the Vicar of the Son of God is renewing the Passion of his Master upon earth, therefore we are scandalized, therefore we turn our faces from him. Where, then, is our faith? But the Son of God foretold these things when He said, "And now I have told you, before it come to pass; that when it shall come to pass, you may believe."*

* St. John xiv. 29.

[pg. 230]

... Lastly, the only other point upon which I shall speak to is this. We have already seen how the powers and glories of the Holy See have been progressively unfolding; how the time of St. Gregory I. was a period of apostolic missions, converting the nations to the faith; how the time of St. Leo III. was a period

[pg. 231]

of creating the Christian world; how the time of St. Gregory VII. was a period of purifying the sanctuary of the Church; and how the time of Alexander III. was a period of royalty of government and of ecclesiastical order, when the divine power of the church directed, by a firm and sacred authority, the civil powers of the world within the sphere of the law of God and of obedience to the faith. Now I observe these powers of the Holy See have been always rising, always culminating. The temporal power in the hand of St. Gregory I. was a fatherly and patriarchal rule over nations not as yet reduced to civil order. In the hands of St. Leo III. it became a power of building empires. In the hands of St. Gregory VII. it was a scourge to chasten them. In the hands of Alexander III. it was a dynasty, ruling supremely, in the name of God, over the powers of the world. And now in these later times the temporal sovereignty has become a law of the conscience, an axiom of the reason. Through long contests and denials it has passed into consciences, intellects, and hearts of men. Like the great dogmas of the Church, through controversy it has reached its analysis and expression. It stands by the side of the Immaculate Conception a theological certainty, if not a definition. So that I may say there never was a time when the temporal power of the Vicar of the Son of God, though assailed as we see it, was more firmly rooted through-

[pg. 232]

out the whole unity of the Catholic Church in the hearts and convictions of its members; and that by a double process, not only by its own proper evidence, not only by the light of God's dealing with the world, but by contrast. For the nations of Europe have already seen that the society of the world, without the guidance and preservation of the Church of God, resolves itself into confusion. They have seen every form of political society, and the confederations of kingdoms and nations, dissolve and pass away. While all the floating societies of the world have drifted down the stream, the centre of obedience has become more stable. Men have learned from the history of modern Europe that the law which is called the law of nations—that is, the rule of justice which regulates the relations of people with people—has become weak and powerless. And why? Because the nations have broken the bonds which bound them to the centre of obedience, and have shaken off the noble submission to a tribunal higher than man, from which came forth, in other days, the judgments of equity and of justice. It was a dignified obedience to bow to the Vicar of the Son of God, and to remit the arbitration of their griefs to one whom all wills consented to obey.

Source: The Temporal Power of the Vicar of Jesus Christ, by Henry Edward Manning, D.D. (appointed Archbishop of Westminster in 1865 and Cardinal in 1875), second edition with a preface, published in 1862 in London by Burns & Lambert, 17 &18 Portman Street.


From  "Crossing The Threshold of Hope", by Pope John Paul II:
First Chapter: "The Pope": A Scandal and a Mystery (bold emphasis is mine):

[pg. 3] The leader of the Catholic Church is defined by the faith as the Vicar of Jesus Christ (and is accepted as such by believers). The Pope is considered the man on earth who represents the Son of God, who "takes the place" of the Second Person of the omnipotent God of the Trinity.

[pg. 13] The Pope is not the only one who holds this title. With regard to the Church entrusted to him, each bishop is Vicarius Christi.

Note that on page three of the Pope's book, "represents the Son of God" is synonymous with "Vicar of Jesus Christ". A vicar clearly represents, substitutes for, or "takes the place" of another, as stated. Consequently "represents the Son of God" can be translated in Latin as Vicarius Filii Dei, which in Roman Numerals will add up to 666. The title Vicarius Christi, translated into English, means a substitute for Christ, i.e., Antichrist, as demonstrated above, which is applied by the Pope to every bishop of the Catholic Church!


VICARIUS FILII DEI
The Historical Proof.


The  Donation of Constantine is the most famous forgery in European history. Originally discovered in the Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals in the 9th century (c. 847-853), which are now also recognized to be forgeries, parts of the Donation of Constantine were later incorporated into most of the medieval collections of Catholic canon law (Anselm's, Cardinal Deusdedit's (c. 1087), and Gratian's Decretum (c. 1148) also known as Concordia Discordantium Canonum). So the Donation of Constantine was held to be genuine for centuries.

The Donation of Constantine is cited in writing by no less than 10 Popes as proof of their civil authority and sovereignty over Rome, and what came to be known as the Papal States, which included a large portion of Italy. It was eventually exposed as a pious fraud in 1440 by Laurentius Valla who proved it had to have been written several centuries after the death of Constantine (337 A.D.) The Vatican condemned Valla's scholarly work by listing it in the Index Librorum Prohibitorum, the Index of Prohibited Books of 1559. The donation reads in part as follows in Latin: (caps added for emphasis) -

... sicut B. Petrus in terris VICARIUS FILII DEI esse videtur constitutus, ita et Pontifices, qui ipsius principis apostolorum gerunt vices, principatus potestatem amplius quam terrena imperialis nostrae serenitatis mansuetudo habere videtur, conscessam a nobis nostroque imperio obtineant...

In English that is-

... as the Blessed Peter is seen to have been constituted vicar of the Son of God on the earth, so the Pontiffs who are the representatives of that same chief of the apostles, should obtain from us and our empire the power of a supremacy greater than the clemency of our earthly imperial serenity is seen to have conceded to it,
(continuing beyond the Latin above)
choosing that same chief of the apostles and his vicars to be our constant intercessors with God. And to the extent of our earthly Imperial power, we have decreed that his holy Roman Church shall be honored with veneration, and that more than our empire and earthly throne the most sacred seat of the Blessed Peter shall be gloriously exalted, we giving to it power, and dignity of glory, and vigor, and honor imperial. And we ordain and decree that he shall have the supremacy as well over the four principal seats, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Constantinople, as also over all the churches of God in the whole earth. And the Pontiff, who at the time shall be at the head of the holy Roman church itself, shall be more exalted than, and chief over, all the priests of the whole world, and according to his judgment everything which is provided for the service of God and for the stability of the faith of Christians is to be administered.

Source: Donation of Constantine, quoted in Christopher B. Coleman's The Treatise of Lorenzo Valla on the Donation of Constantine, pp. 12,13 Copyright 1922 by Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn.

As one example of the Donation of Constantine being incorporated into Catholic canon, in Gratian's Decretals of the Canon Law of the Roman Catholic Church, published in Bologna about 1148, the following is found:

"Beatus Petrus in terris vicarius filii Dei videtur esse constitutus."

Decretum Gratiani, prima pars., dist. 96.

Below is a copy of the cover page of Catholic Canon Law (Corpus Iuris Canonici) and Gratian's Decretals published in 1879 in Germany by Emil Friedberg:

 

The Donation of Constantine is quoted in column 342, part of which is shown below. The phrase "vicarius filii dei" is found near the center of the paragraph. (Note that a "u" is used in place of a "v".)

 

The Bavarian State Library of Germany has a digitized searchable 1879 version of Corpus Iuris Canonici available online, including scans of all the pages (page 342 in GIF [low resolution] and PDF format [high resolution] ). The relevant section is found under the following headings:

- CONCORDIA DISCORDANTIUM CANONUM AC PRIMUM DE IURE NATURAE ET CONSTITUTIONIS
    - DISTINCTIO XCVI.
        - C. XIV. De eodem.

Vicarius Filii Dei in the text of the Donation of Constantine in an 1869 Vatican printing of Cardinal Deusdedit's Canon Law (compiled in 1087 A.D.) online at Google books. Deusdedit's bio.

Photos of a 16th century copy of the Donation are online at the Vatican Secret Archive web site. The phrase vicarius filli Dei appears at the end of the 5th line down of the left page of the 7th photo.


According to the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia, regarding the Donation of Constantine:

The first pope who used it in an official act and relied upon, was Leo IX; in a letter of 1054 to Michael Cærularius, Patriarch of Constantinople, he cites the "Donatio" to show that the Holy See possessed both an earthly and a heavenly imperium, the royal priesthood. ... Gregory VII himself never quoted this document in his long warfare for ecclesiastical liberty against the secular power. But Urban II made use of it in 1091 to support his claims on the island of Corsica. Later popes (Innocent III, Gregory IX, Innocent IV) took its authority for granted (Innocent III, Sermo de sancto Silvestro, in P.L., CCXVII, 481 sqq.; Raynaldus, Annales, ad an. 1236, n. 24; Potthast, Regesta, no. 11,848), and ecclesiastical writers often adduced its evidence in favour of the papacy. The medieval adversaries of the popes, on the other hand, never denied the validity of this appeal to the pretended donation of Constantine ... The authenticity of the document, as already stated, was doubted by no one before the fifteenth century.

Source: The 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia online at the New Advent web site.

In the Chapel of St. Sylvester (part of the Basilica of Santi Quattro Coronati, located in Rome on Coelian hill, between St. John Lateran and the Coliseum), a series of frescoes commissioned by Pope Innocent IV, and completed in 1246, depict various events in the life of Pope Sylvester I.

 
The Donation of Constantine, Santi Quattro Coronati, Rome.

In one of the fresco panels, shown above, Emperor Constantine is offering his crown to the Pope, illustrating the Donation of Constantine. In the following panel, the triumphal Pope, riding on horseback, is led through Rome by the humbled Emperor, who is on foot.

Another painting representing the Donation of Constantine, shown below, is in the Vatican, in the Sala di Costantino. It was painted by Raphael and his workshop from 1519 to 1525, along with depictions of Constantine's baptism, his vision of the cross, and his victory at the battle at Milvian bridge, so at the time it would seem the Donation of Constantine was still considered to be genuine.

Detail of the Donation of Constantine as depicted in a painting by
Gianfrancesco Penni, in the Sala di Costantino, the Vatican. 
 
For the whole painting, see The Art of Renaissance Rome, by Loren Partridge,
published by Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York, A Times Mirror Company,
Copyright 1996 by Calmann & King, Ltd., ISBN 0-8109-2718-7, page 158.

The kneeling Constantine is handing Pope Sylvester I a statuette of Roma Aeterna (eternal Rome) symbolizing the transfer of power from the emperor to the papacy. On February 23, 1520, about four years before the Raphael's painting of the Donation was completed, Martin Luther, in a letter to Spalatin, wrote:

I have at hand Lorenzo Valla's proof that the Donation of Constantine is a forgery. Good heavens, what darkness and wickedness is at Rome. You wonder at the judgment of God that such unauthentic, crass, imprudent lies not only lived, but prevailed for so many centuries, that they were incorporated in the canon law ... and became as articles of faith. I am in such a passion that I scarcely doubt that the pope is the Antichrist expected by the world, so closely do their acts, lives, sayings, and laws agree.

Source: The Art of Renaissance Rome, by Loren Partridge, published by Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York, A Times Mirror Company, Copyright 1996 by Calmann & King, Ltd., ISBN 0-8109-2718-7, page 159.

9. ... All these excessive, over-presumptuous, and most wicked claims of the Pope are the invention of the devil, with the object of bringing in antichrist in due course and of raising the Pope above God, as indeed many have done and are now doing. It is not meet that the Pope should exalt himself above temporal authority, except in spiritual matters, such as preaching and absolution; in other matters he should be subject to it, according to the teaching of St. Paul (Rom. xiii.) and St. Peter (I Peter iii.), as I have said above. He is not the vicar of Christ in heaven, but only of Christ upon earth. For Christ in heaven, in the form of a ruler, requires no vicar, but there sits, sees, does, knows, and commands all things. But He requires him "in the form of a servant" to represent Him as He walked upon earth, working, preaching, suffering, and dying. But they reverse this: they take from Christ His power as a heavenly Ruler, and give it to the Pope, and allow "the form of a servant" to be entirely forgotten (Phil. ii. 7). He should properly be called the counter-Christ, whom the Scriptures call antichrist; for his whole existence, work, and proceedings are directed against Christ, to ruin and destroy the existence and will of Christ.

It is also absurd and puerile for the Pope to boast for such blind, foolish reasons, in his decretal Pastoralis, that he is the rightful heir to the empire, if the throne be vacant. Who gave it to him? Did Christ do so when He said, "The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them, but ye shall not do so" (Luke xxii. 25, 26)? Did St. Peter bequeath it to him? It disgusts me that we have to read and teach such impudent, clumsy, foolish lies in the canon law, and, moreover, to take them for Christian doctrine, while in reality they are mere devilish lies. Of this kind also is the unheard-of lie touching the "donation of Constantine." It must have been a plague sent by God that induced so many wise people to accept such lies, though they are so gross and clumsy that one would think a drunken boor could lie more skillfully. How could preaching, prayer, study, and the care of the poor consist with the government of the empire? These are the true offices of the Pope, which Christ imposed with such insistence that He forbade them to take either coat or scrip (Matt. x. 10), for he that has to govern a single house can hardly perform these duties. Yet the Pope wishes to rule an empire and to remain a pope. This is the invention of the knaves that would fain become lords of the world in the Pope's name, and set up again the old Roman empire, as it was formerly, by means of the Pope and name of Christ, in its former condition.

Source: Luther's Address To The Nobility of the German Nation, 1520.

The forged Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals, among which was found the Donation of Constantine, are fictitious letters alleged to be from early popes [Clement (A.D. 100) to Gregory the Great (A.D. 600)], collected by Isidore Mercator in the 9th century. Since the scholarly criticism of the fifteenth century they have been known to be forgeries and have been called "Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals" or False Decretals, to acknowledge that they are fraudulent, none the less, as late as 1580 the official edition of the Corpus Juris, upheld the genuineness of the False Decretals. Catholics finally abandoned the defense of the authenticity of the Donation of Constantine shortly after Cesare Baronius published his Ecclesiastical Annals in 1592, which admitted the fraud, although the Donation and title Vicarius Filii Dei continued to appear in Canon law and other Catholic publications well into the 19th century.

Lucius Ferraris, about 1755, wrote an elaborate multi-volume theological reference work or encyclopedia titled Prompta Bibliotheca in which he quoted the Donation of Constantine, including the phrase Vicarius Filii Dei, in article 2 of the entry "Papa" (Pope). He cited the revised canon law as his authority. Here is the cover page of volume 5, of an edition published in 1858, note that it carries the blessing of Pope Gregory XVI -  (SANCTISSIMI D. N. GREGORII XVI P.M.)

 

Below is part of column 1828 from volume 5 of Prompta Bibliotheca, 1858 Paris edition, where the title of Vicarius Filii Dei appears in #20 of article 2 of the entry "Papa" (Pope), which I have indicated with an arrow. Again, this is a quote from the Donation of Constantine:

Full scanned pages from Prompta Bibliotheca.

Ferraris' work was later revised, enlarged, and once again published in Rome in 1890. In that edition, the document and papal title Vicarius Filii Dei were still retained. (Lucius Ferraris, Prompta Bibliotheca (Rome, 1890), Vol. VI, p. 43, col. 2.)

According the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia, a further revised edition of Prompta Bibliotheca was published in Rome by the presses of the Vatican's Office of Propaganda in 1899.

So, for well over 600 years, the Donation of Constantine was held by the Roman Catholic Church to be a valid document transferring authority from Emperor Constantine and it does contain the Latin title Vicarius Filii Dei. This is irrefutable proof that it is not a Protestant invention. The title continued to appear in Catholic publications even into the 20th century.


In the Nov 15, 1914 Edition of Our Sunday Visitor, (a Catholic publication), the following question was addressed on page 3 in the section titled Bureau of Information:

Is it true that the words of the Apocalypse in the 13th Chapter, 18th verse refer to the Pope?

    The words referred to are these "Here is wisdom. He that hath understanding, let him count the number of the beast. For it is a the number of a man: and the number of him is six hundred sixty-six." The title of the Pope in Rome is Vicarius Filii Dei. This is inscribed on his mitre[*]; and if you take the letters of his title which represent Latin numerals (printed large) and add them together they come to 666.

V I C A R I V S   F I L I I   D E I
5 1 100     1 5       1 50 1 1   500   1

    Add these together and the result will be 666.
    This "argument" was submitted to Rev. Ernest R. Hull, and answered in the following manner: "Almost every eminent man in Christendom, who has enjoyed the privilege of possessing enemies, has had his name turned and twisted till they could get the number 666 out of it. In past history there have been numberless beasts or Anti-Christs, all of whose names counted up to 666. I fancy that my own name, especially in Latin form, might give the number of the beast:

E R N E S T V S   R E G I N A L D V S   H V L L  
            5           1     50 500 5       5 50 50 =666

Quod erat demonstrandum, namely, that Rev. Ernest R. Hull is Anti-Christ, or the Beast of the Apocalypse!"
    Perhaps a little ingenuity with your name will show that you are the beast of the Apocalypse too.

View a facsimile copy of the above item online.
The top of page one.
Editorial information from page 2.  Contains sanctions for the editor from Pope Pius X, dated May 17, 1914; from Archbishop John Bonzano of Melitene, the Apostolic Delegate to the U.S., dated April 27, 1913; and from H. J. Alerding, Bishop of Fort Wayne, Indiana., dated March 29, 1912.

Rev. Ernest R. Hull S. J. was editor of The Examiner of Bombay, India, a Catholic newsweekly.


*[The Vatican's Papal Sacristy has more than a dozen papal triple (triregno) crowns, which are properly called tiaras. The papal mitre, of which there have been very many, is quite different. A mitre is shown below on the right.]

Pope John XXIII
wearing a triple tiara.
Pope John Paul II
wearing a papal mitre.

Again in the April 18th, 1915 edition of Our Sunday Visitor, Rev. John F. Noll, editor, the following question was addressed on page 3, in the section titled Bureau of Information:

What are the letters supposed to be in the Pope's crown, and what do they signify, if anything?

The letters inscribed in the Pope's mitre are these: Vicarius Filii Dei, which is the Latin for the Vicar of the Son of God. Catholics hold that the church which is a visible society must have a visible head. Christ, before His ascension into heaven, appointed St. Peter to act as His representative. Upon the death of Peter the man who succeeded to the office of Peter as Bishop of Rome, was recognized as the head of the Church. Hence to the Bishop of Rome, as head of the Church, was given the title "Vicar of Christ."

Enemies of the Papacy denounce this title as a malicious assumption. But the Bible informs us that Christ did not only give His Church authority to teach, but also to rule. Laying claim to the authority to rule in Christ's spiritual kingdom, in Christ's stead, is not a whit more malicious than laying claim to the authority to teach in Christ's name. And this every Christian minister does.

View a facsimile copy of the above item online.
The top of page one.
Editorial information from page 2.  Contains sanctions for the editor from Pope Pius X, dated May 17, 1914; from Archbishop John Bonzano of Melitene, the Apostolic Delegate to the U.S., dated April 27, 1913; and from H. J. Alerding, Bishop of Fort Wayne, Indiana., dated March 29, 1912.


It was not long before the editors of Our Sunday Visitor made a very curious change, completely contradicting what they themselves had previously stated regarding Vicarius Filii Dei (and cited above). The following is from the Bureau of Information section in the September 16, 1917 edition:

What application has the number 666 to Pope Benedict XV?
 
None whatever. Such an interpretation of Chapter XIII, Verse 18 of the Apocalypse is entirely unfounded and is nothing more than a display of malignant hatred. It is the effervescense of vacuous minds. Earlier commentators spent considerable time in trying to determine the personality of the beast, and they referred it to Nero Caesar; for by supplying the numerals for the Hebrew characters in his name, the number 666 was obtained. During the period of the Reformation and for years after, the Apocalypse furnished the basis of much political and religious incrimination. In later years, really reliable commentators have ceased the silly prattle about the Popes, Napoleon, Rome and subjecting the Book to the Rules of exegesis see a reference to conditions existing at the time of St. John. (This interpretation, of course, does not include the Resurrection, the millennium, and the plagues preceding the consummation of the world, as referring to principle events in the first century). In a "Dictionary of the Bible" edited by William Schmidt, a Protestant author, page 1038, will be found the following; "Ebrard reckons that not less than eighty systematic commentaries are worthy of note, and states the less valuable writings on this inexhaustible subject are unnumbered if not innumerable. Fanaticism, theological hatred, and vain curiosity may have largely influenced their composition." Also on page 1039 we find the following: "Against the Historical scheme it is urged, that its advocates differ very widely among themselves; that they assume without any authority that the 1260 days are so many years; that several of its applicationse.g., of the symbol of the ten-horned beast to be the Popes, and the sixth seal to the conversion of Constantineare inconsistent with the context; that attempts by some of this school to predict future events by the help of Revelation have ended in repeated failures.
   Besides, if present-day writers are so anxious to see the fulfillment in the person of the Pope, why not be consistent? Such interpreters have never shown that the title "Vicarius Filii Dei" is really inscribed upon the Pope's tiara. Moreover, the passage states that the number refers to a man, in other words the numerals represented by the letters in his name, which total the sum 666. The words Vicarius Filii Dei are not the name of the Pope, they do not even constitute his official title. The name of our President is Woodrow Wilson. His title is President of the United States. If we take the name Benedict XV and follow out the same numerical addition, we find that his number instead of being 666 would be 1123.
   This question was submitted to Rev. Earnest R. Hull and answered in the following manner: "Almost every eminent man in Christendom, who has enjoyed the privilege of possessing enemies, has had his name turned and twisted till they could get the number 666 out of it. In past history there have been numberless beasts or Anti-Christs, all of whose names counted up to 666. I fancy that my own name, especially in Latin form, might give the number of the beast:

E R N E S T V S   R E G I N A L D V S   H V L L  
            5           1     50 500 5       5 50 50 =666

   Add these together and the result will be 666.
Quod erat demonstrandum
, namely, that Rev. Ernest R. Hull is Anti-Christ, or the Beast of the Apocalypse!"
    Since the war fanatical "private interpreters" have made the number 666 refer to the Kaiser; others even to President Wilson.

View a facsimile copy of the above item online.


The University of Notre Dame has the above editions of Our Sunday Visitor on microfilm.


Our Sunday Visitor is still in business:

Our Sunday Visitor
200 Noll Plaza
Huntington, Indiana 46750
Phone: (800) 348-2440


The following extract on this point is from a work entitled, "The Reformation[*]," bearing the date of 1832:
    "Mrs. A.," said Miss Emmons, "I saw a very curious fact the other day; I have dwelt upon it much, and will mention it. A person, lately, was witnessing a ceremony of the Romish Church. As the Pope passed him in the procession, splendidly dressed in his pontifical robes the gentleman's eye rested on these full, blazing letters in front of his miter: "VICARIOUS FILII DEI," the Vicar of the Son of God. His thoughts, with the rapidity of lightning, reverted to Revelation 13:18." "Will you turn to it?" said Mrs. A. Alice opened the New Testament, and read: 'Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.' She paused, and Miss Emmons said, "He took out his pencil, and, marking the numerical letters of the inscription on his tablet, it stood 666."
    Here we have indeed the number of a man, even the "man of sin" and it is a little singular, perhaps providential, that he should select a title which shows the blasphemous character of the beast, and then cause it to be inscribed on his miter, as if to brand himself with the number 666.

[*] The Reformation, a True Tale of the Sixteenth Century, by A. T. J. Bullard, Boston, Massachusetts Sabbath School Society, 1832, pgs 247-248.

Source: Thoughts, Critical and Practical on the Book of Revelation, by Uriah Smith, published in 1865 by the Steam Press of the Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association, Battle Creek Michigan, pgs. 225-226.


    This title, there is reason to believe, was formerly inscribed upon the pope's crown. The following testimony on this point is given by the late Elder D.E. Scoles, of Washburn, Mo.:—
    "I have met two men who declare that they have seen this specific crown; and their testimony is so perfectly in agreement that I am convinced that what they saw is true. The first man was M. De Latti, a Sabbath-keeper who had previously been a Catholic priest, and had spent four years in Rome. He visited me when I was pastor in St. Paul, Minn., several years ago. I showed him my tract,  'The Seal of God and the Mark of the Beast.' He at once told me that the inscription was not correctly placed in my illustration. He stated that he had often seen it in the museum at the Vatican, and [pg. 625] gave a detailed and accurate description of the whole crown. When my tract was published [Feb. of 1895], I was ignorant of the arrangement of the words of the Latin inscriptions, hence, in the illustration of the crown, placed them in one line. Brother De Latti at once pointed out the mistake, and said the first word of the sentence was on the first crown of the triple arrangement, the second word on the second part of the crown, while the word Dei was on the lower division of the triple crown. He also explained that the first two words were in dark-colored jewels, while the Dei was composed entirely of diamonds.
    "During a tent-meeting which I held in Webb City, Mo., I presented the subject, 'The Seal of God and the Mark of the Beast.' I used charts to illustrate it, one being a reproduction of the crown as Brother De Latti had described it. A Presbyterian minister was present, Rev. B. Hoffman, and when I described the crown, he spoke out publicly and made a statement to the congregation, saying that while in Rome studying for the priesthood, he had seen this very crown, and noted its inscription, and that the word Dei was composed of one hundred diamonds. I met him and learned his name, and visited him at his home, and was convinced from his description that this was the identical crown that Brother De Latti had seen, but which has been denied by many. I then asked him for a written statement, and he gave me the following:—
    " 'To Whom It May Concern: This is to certify that I was born in Bavaria in 1828, was educated in Munich, and was reared a Roman Catholic. In 1844 and 1845 I was a student for the priesthood in the Jesuit College in Rome. During the Easter service of 1845, Pope Gregory XVI wore a triple crown upon which was the inscription, in jewels, Vicarius Filii Dei. We were told that there were one hundred diamonds in the word Dei; the other words were of some other kind of precious stones of a darker color. There was one word upon each crown, and not all on the same line. I was present at the service, and saw the crown distinctly, and noted it carefully.
    " 'In 1850 I was converted to God and to Protestantism. Two years later I entered the Evangelical Church ministry, but later in life I united with the Presbyterian Church, of [pg. 626] which I am now a retired pastor, having been in the ministry for fifty years.
    " 'I have made the above statement at the request of Elder D.E. Scoles, as he states that some deny that the pope ever wore this tiara. But I know that he did, for I saw it upon his head.

" 'Sincerely yours in Christian service,
                     (Signed)          " 'B. HOFFMAN.

    " 'Webb City, Mo., Oct. 29, 1906.' "

    The following extract is from a work entitled The Reformation[*], bearing the date of 1832:—
    " 'Mrs. A.,' said Miss Emmons, 'I saw a very curious fact the other day; I have dwelt upon it much, and will mention it. A person, lately, was witnessing a ceremony of the Romish Church. As the pope passed him in procession, splendidly dressed in his pontifical robes, the gentleman's eye rested on these full, blazing letters in front of his miter: "VICARIUS FILII DEI," the Vicar of the Son of God. His thoughts, with the rapidity of lightning, reverted to Rev.13:18.' 'Will you turn to it?' said Mrs. A. Alice opened the New Testament and read: 'Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.' She paused, and Miss Emmons said, 'He took out his pencil, and marking the numerical letters or the inscription on his tablet, it stood 666.' "
    Here we have indeed the number of a man, even the "man of sin" and it is a little singular, perhaps providential, that he should select a title which shows the blasphemous character of the beast, and then cause it to be inscribed on his miter, as if to brand himself with the number 666.

[*] The Reformation, a True Tale of the Sixteenth Century, by A. T. J. Bullard, Boston, Massachusetts Sabbath School Society, 1832, pgs 247-248.

Source: Daniel  and the Revelation, by Uriah Smith, Southern Publishing Association, copyright 1907 by Mrs. Uriah Smith, (published sometime after 1911), pgs. 624-626.


I have received what seems to be reliable information that a photo may exist (similar to the one below) of a papal funeral in St. Peter's Basilica near the beginning of the 20th century, in which the tiara inscribed with Vicarius Filii Dei can be seen. Combined with the above claims of Our Sunday Visitor, this would indicate that it was the funeral of either Leo XIII (1878-1903), or Pius X (1903-1914), and that previous popes probably wore the tiara in question. If anyone can turn up any photos and make them available to me, I will post them in this article.

LEO XIII

  • The Trenton Times of New Jersey reported on July 23rd, 1903, that during the first of nine days of mourning for Pope Leo XIII, his coffin was publicly displayed on a catafalque in the choir chapel opposite the Chapel of the Sacrament, surmounted by a triple tiara.
  • The Reno Evening Gazette reported on July 28th, 1903, that for a requiem Mass for Leo XIII, a large catafalque was placed in the Sistine chapel, and on top of it was displayed a triple tiara on two cushions.

Catafalque in the Sistine chapel for the requiem Masses for Pope Leo XIII.
A triple tiara can be seen at the top.

PIUS X

  • The Syracuse Herald of New York reported on August 21, 1914 that the body of Pope Pius X lay in state wearing pontifical vestments, to include a triple crown.
  • The Nevada State Journal of Reno reported on August 29th, 1914 that at the first of three funeral Masses for Pope Pius X in the Sistine chapel, attended by nearly 50 cardinals, a triple crown was displayed on a large catafalque.

The body of Pope Pius X (who died in 1914) on display in front of St. Peter's high altar during a Pontifical Mass on May 30th, 1954, celebrating his canonization as a Saint the prior evening.  A papal tiara can be seen on top of the glass-sided casket.
 

That the papal tiara was routinely worn both before and after a pontifical Mass at the Vatican, is demonstrated by the following 1911 Catholic Encyclopedia entry:
 

 

Pontifical Mass

The solemn pontifical Mass celebrated by the pope in St. Peter's has some peculiar ceremonies. ... The pope, wearing the falda, amice, alb, cincture, pectoral cross, stola, cope (mantum), and tiara is carried into the basilica on the sedia gestatoria under the canopy and with the two flabella borne on either side. ... The pope returns to the altar to finish the Mass. After the blessing the assistant priest publishes the plenary indulgence. At the end of the last Gospel the pope goes to the sedia gestatoria, puts on the tiara, and returns in procession as he had entered.

Source: The 1911 Catholic Encyclopedia Online, volume 12.

 


Crowned Pope Pius XII on the Sedia Gestatoria

The following is the text of a letter written in 1904 by the secretary of Cardinal Gibbons of Baltimore, in response to an inquiry about Vicarius Filii Dei being inscribed on a papal tiara:


CARDINAL'S RESIDENCE
406 N. CHARLES ST
BALTIMORE

Jan. 26th, '04    

               Mr. H. J. Weaver,
                            Dear Sir,

                                    In reply to yours
                of 18th inst., I beg to say that I
                cannot say with certainty that the
                words "Vicarius Filii Dei" are on
                the Pope's Tiara. But the words
                are used by the Cardinal who im-
                poses the tiara at the coronation of a
                Pope.

                           Yours Truly,

                                       Wm. F. Russell

 

 


Note the following item in a widely circulated Catholic publication from 1938. In it the title Vicarius Filii Dei and 666 is discussed, but the validity of Vicarius Filii Dei as a papal title is not denied:

345.   I have heard that he [the pope] is Anti-Christ, and that he was described by St. John as 666, the numerical equivalent of the Latin words of the Pope's title, Vicarius Filii Dei.

That interpretation is absurd, and rejected by all reputable scholars, Catholic and non-Catholic alike. In any case, St. John wrote in Greek, and there is no warrant whatever for the translation to the Latin language. Moreover, whatever be the true interpretation of this mystical number, it certainly refers to some one individual being. If it referred to one particular Pope, it could refer to none of the others. To which Pope will people refer it? To a past Pope? Then he is dead and gone, and we need not worry about him. To the present Pope? He is the very antithesis of all the conditions of the Beast as described by St. John. However, the number does not refer to any of the Popes at all.

Source: Radio Replies, First Volume, by Rev. Dr. Leslie Rumble, M.S.C. and Rev. Charles Mortimer Carty, Copyright 1938, printed by Radio Replies Press, St. Paul 1, Minn., U.S.A., #345, page 80.


So Catholics themselves originally used the phrase VICARIUS FILII DEI in the forged document known as the Donation of Constantine that was held to be genuine for many hundreds of years and Catholics continued to claim that VICARIUS FILII DEI was inscribed on one of the papal mitres as recently as 1915. That Latin title was also apparently mentioned at papal coronations, and the title was not denied in print by Catholic apologists as recently as 1938. I would also suspect, but cannot prove, that there are many documents in the archives of the Catholic Church that contain the exact wording in Latin as described.

An anecdote I can relate to you applies here. In discussing 666 with a fellow coworker one day, he told me that he used to be in training to be a Catholic Priest, and in class one day the priest told the prospective inductees that there was no way to disprove that 666 applied to the papal title, and they would have to live with that fact if they wanted to be priests, or drop out. My friend did not go on to be a priest, though he may have quit for other reasons.

This identification of 666 with the Papal title of Vicarius Fill Dei first surfaced in print in the year 1612 A.D. in a book published in Wittenberg Germany by Andreas Helwig called The Roman Antichrist (Antichristus Romanus). It is available online in Hungarian (.pdf).  So the Roman Catholic Church has had over 390 years to conclusively prove it false, yet they have not done so. Why? Because it is true?!

ELLEN WHITE AND 666

Some Catholics will respond to the Seventh-day Adventist that the number 666 can similarly be derived from the name of Ellen Gould White, a prominent figure in the Adventist church (see the article at New Advent). The calculation is made as follows:

E L L E N   G O U L D   W H I T E
  50 50           5 50 500   10   1    

The letter "w" in this case, is proposed to be the equivalent of a double "v" or "u", which has a value of 5 and is therefore 10 when doubled.. However, in Latin, a single "v" was used to represent the "w", "v" and "u" sound, the double-u (w) apparently evolved many centuries later in other languages. So, it would seem the correct rendering in Latin would be ELLEN GOVLD VHITE, which does not add up to 666. Be that as it may, lets accept the calculation as stated above. Does this indicate that Ellen White is a likely candidate for the antichrist or beast described in Revelation 13?

Using the same method of calculation, it should be apparent that there might be literally thousands of names that add up to 666, as Rev. Ernest R. Hull demonstrated in the Our Sunday Visitor article above. So obviously the application of the number to any single individual is admittedly quite meaningless, unless and until all the other characteristics of "the antichrist" can be adequately met. Even the Catholics that raise this issue are unlikely to suggest that they seriously consider Ellen White to be the antichrist entity that scripture warns about.

The MAN of Sin

2 Thess 2:3 Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition;
2 Thess 2:4 Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God.

Scholars generally agree that the "man of sin" in 2 Thessalonians 2:3 is the same entity described in Revelation as the beast whose number is 666, the "little horn" power of Daniel 7, and the harlot riding the beast in Revelation 17. See the table in The Catholic Origins of Futurism and Preterism. To my knowledge, no Catholic or Protestant scholar has ever proposed that this "antichrist" entity could potentially be a woman. So who then is a likely candidate?

Scholars agree that the Bible is clear about a "man of sin" who will substitute himself for God in the very temple of God. While most of the Christian community has been told to look for a man in the future that will fit this characteristic of Antichrist, the Vicar of Christ has already precisely fulfilled this prophecy for centuries! When the Pope speaks "ex-cathedra", which means from Peter's chair, Catholic's are bound to believe his decree as though it were given from God himself!


So as the Vicar of Christ, the Pope speaks from Peter's chair, in the Cathedral of God, declaring himself to be infallible in defining and declaring unbiblical doctrines which he claims to be essential to salvation as though he were God! 


Is this not an exact and precise fulfillment of 2 Thessalonians 2:4 identifying the Papacy as the Antichrist?

 Here is just one example of a Papal claim that fits 2 Thess 2:4-

But the supreme teacher in the Church is the Roman Pontiff. Union of minds, therefore, requires, together with a perfect accord in the one faith, complete submission and obedience of will to the Church and to the Roman Pontiff, as to God Himself.

Source: Pope Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter, “On the Chief Duties of Christians as Citizens,” dated January 10, 1890, trans. in The Great Encyclical Letters of Pope Leo XIII (New York: Benziger, 1903), p. 193.

Here is the same encyclical  SAPIENTIAE CHRISTIANAE online.
See paragraph #22 for the above quote.

  THE NUMBER 666, PAGAN SUN WORSHIP AND ANCIENT BABYLON

"The ancients claimed that God works by mathematics. Their religion was a conglomeration of religion, astrology, alchemy, physical and mental science, and mathematics. Ancient astrology divided the starry heavens into 36 constellations. These were represented by different amulets called "Sigilla Solis," or the sun seal. These amulets were worn by the pagan priests, and they contained all the numbers from 1 to 36. By these figures they claimed to be able to foretell future events. These amulets were usually made of gold, yellow being the sun color. While being carried, these amulets were wrapped in yellow silk, as it was thought that the bearer would thus receive the beneficial powers believed to emanate from the jewel."

"These drawings from photographs taken in 1910, show actual amulets then in the Berlin Museum. They reveal the veneration the ancients had for the sun-god. On the front side of No.1 we see the god of the sun standing on the lion. This indicated the sun's position in the constellation of Leo during the hot days of August. On the back is inscribed "Nachyel," meaning "intelligence of the sun," and in 36 squares are arranged the numerals 1 to 36 (see table 1) in such a way that adding the numbers of any column either horizontally or vertically, and also the two diagonals crossing the square, the total is the same- 111. The sum of the six columns, computed either horizontally or vertically, is 6 x 111, or 666."

"The second illustration is also a solar seal, but it honors the star Basilisco, which was the diminutive form of the Greek basileus (king), thus meaning the same as the Latin regulus. Now, Regulus is the only first-magnitude star in the constellation of Leo. The sun and the moon are again clearly seen on this amulet, and on the reverse side is the same arrangement of numerals, with the actual figure given of the total 666."

 [The lower coin shows the conjunction of the Sun, Moon and the star Regulus in the constellation of Leo the Lion that occurred on 19 August 1705.]

Source: Unfolding the Revelation (Revised) by Roy Allan Anderson, pages 125-127, Published and copyrighted 1953, 1961,1974 by Pacific Press Publishing Association, Boise Idaho, Oshawa Ontario, Canada. Library of Congress Catalogue Card No. 61-10884.


Table #1 as illustrated above is also referred to in numerology as the magic Square of the Sun. There are similar magic squares for Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus, Mercury and the Moon, all of which have been known for centuries. 


So 666 is a number associated with pagan sun-worship, which originated in the mysteries of ancient pagan Babylon. In Revelation 666 is associated with the number of the beast (from the sea), the Antichrist, and the harlot church of Mystery Babylon. So just who is Babylon?-

1 Pet 5:13 The church that is at Babylon, elected together with you, saluteth you; and so doth Marcus my son.

Read what most *any* commentary says about the above verse and who "Babylon" is. There is absolutely no evidence that Peter ever ministered in literal ancient Babylon. However, early Christians used the term "Babylon" as a veiled code word for a particular city, so as to avoid persecution from that pagan power. That city is Rome.

So the evidence presented here makes 666 a link between ancient sun worshipping pagan Babylon and the Papacy of the Roman Catholic Church, which is dominated by pagan practices and solar images, and referred to as Babylon in the book of Revelation. This is just a small part of the evidence that makes this relationship apparent.

Just as a curiosity, look at this picture of 
St. Mary's Catholic Cathedral in San Francisco.
Notice the 3 rows of 6 circled crosses in the design. 
Six, Six, Six!

The circled cross is actually the ancient symbol for Baal and Shamash, the pagan Sun god!
See La Verita - The Truth

From the video "666 and the Mark" by James Arrabito,
Copyright © LLT Productions - Used by Permission 

 

NOTE: 666 is the number of the beast, not the mark.
Please see  The Seal of God and Mark of the Beast.


A Catholic Rebuttal by Mario Derksen. 
Seventh-Day Adventists and 666
by Bob Stanley.
Sunday, the Sabbath, and the Mark of the Beast by James Aiken.
Vicarius Filii Dei & 666 Debunked  by Stephen P. Haws

In the above rebuttal by Stephen Haws, it is conceded that Vicarius Filii Dei applies to Peter, but he tries to make the case that it does not apply to Peter's successors. Was Peter the first Pope, according to Catholics? Yes, of course he was. Then Stephen Haws has in effect conceded that Vicarius Filii Dei is a genuine papal title.


See also: The Search to Document and Authenticate Vicarius Filii Dei


 

PAGAN SUN WORSHIP AND CATHOLICISM
THE MONSTRANCE and the WAFER GOD

Exo 20:4 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth:
Exo 20:5 Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: ...

Note that the commandment of God forbids making and bowing down to images. Among pagans, perhaps the most common form of idolatry is sun worship, and the above prohibition would clearly exclude bowing down before images of the sun or moon (things in the heaven above). But then God gets even more explicit:

Deu 17:2 If there be found among you, within any of thy gates which the LORD thy God giveth thee, man or woman, that hath wrought wickedness in the sight of the LORD thy God, in transgressing his covenant,
Deu 17:3 And hath gone and served other gods, and worshipped them, either the sun, or moon, or any of the host of heaven, which I have not commanded;
Deu 17:4 And it be told thee, and thou hast heard of it, and inquired diligently, and, behold, it be true, and the thing certain, that such abomination is wrought in Israel:
Deu 17:5 Then shalt thou bring forth that man or that woman, which have committed that wicked thing, unto thy gates, even that man or that woman, and shalt stone them with stones, till they die.

Jer 8:1 At that time, saith the LORD, they shall bring out the bones of the kings of Judah, and the bones of his princes, and the bones of the priests, and the bones of the prophets, and the bones of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, out of their graves:
Jer 8:2 And they shall spread them before the sun, and the moon, and all the host of heaven, whom they have loved, and whom they have served, and after whom they have walked, and whom they have sought, and whom they have worshipped: they shall not be gathered, nor be buried; they shall be for dung upon the face of the earth.
Jer 8:3 And death shall be chosen rather than life by all the residue of them that remain of this evil family, which remain in all the places whither I have driven them, saith the LORD of hosts.

With that in mind, lets look at solar and lunar images directly associated with the Catholic Mass.

Here is Pope John Paul II holding what is called a Monstrance or Ostensorium. It is used to display a round wafer of bread, called the host, which is used in what is called the Mass, Lord's Supper, Communion or Eucharistic meal. The Catholic believes this wafer of bread turns into the actual body of Christ when consecrated during the Mass. 
From the "Be Not Afraid" series of videos, Copyright © 1992,
Apostolate for Family Consecration 

The Roman Catholic Church even admits the Monstrance to be a sunburst:

"During the baroque period, it took on a rayed form of a sun-monstrance with a circular window surrounded by a silver or gold frame with rays."

Source:  The Dictionary of the Liturgy by Rev. Jovian P. Lang, OFM., published and copyrighted © 1989 by Catholic Book Publishing Co., New York, ISBN 0-89942-273-X, page 436.

Photo of a Monstrance in the Vatican Museum
From the book "The New Illustrated Great Controversy"
Copyright © LLT Productions - Used by Permission

In fact, according to the  1913 edition of the Catholic Encyclopedia-

The most appropriate form (for the monstrance) is that of the sun emitting its rays to all sides (Instructio Clement., 5). [See Altar Vessels: Ostensorium]


Notice the letters SFS in the small sunburst blaze on the large close up of a Monstrance above? Each of the letters is a universal symbol for the number 6 in the pagan mysteries, so to the pagan it reads 666! The number 666 is also associated with what is called the "magic square of the sun". The practice of equating names and letters with numbers is called gematria.

The letter F:

The Hebrew letter Vau (V) has a value of 6. The English letter F is a descendant of Vau and retains the same value. The letter F is also the 6th letter of the English alphabet. In pagan numerology the letters F, O, and X have the value of 6.

The Greek symbol Digamma also looks like the letter F and has a value of 6.

The letter S:

The Greek equivalent of Vau is the letter Stau, which looks like an S, and it also has the value of 6.

Sources: The Modern Numerology by John King, published by Blandford, Copyright © 1996, ISBN 0-7137-2560-5, page 121 / Behind Numerology, by Shirley Blackwell Lawrence, published by Newcastle Publishing Co., Inc., Copyright © 1989, ISBN 0-87877-145-X, page 93 / Jesus Christ Sun of God, by David Fideler, Copyright © 1993, published by Quest Books of Wheaton Illinois and Madras India, ISBN 0-8356-0696-1, page 27.

And the flaming Sacred Heart located just below the SFS is actually symbolic of Baal / Tammuz!
(See  Consecration to Flaming Sacred Hearts)

The priest (here the Pope) sometimes holds up the sunburst monstrance with the host encased for the congregation to adore and venerate. Virtually any time the monstrance, a pagan sun symbol, is viewed by the congregation, they kneel in submission. A Catholic cannot walk past this sun symbol without acknowledging it by kneeling and or making the sign of the cross with their hands.
 

From the "Be Not Afraid" series of videos,
Copyright © 1992,

Apostolate for Family Consecration

monstrance2.jpg (14750 bytes)

Remember God's commandment forbidding bowing down to images? How can the Catholic justify bowing down before a sun image in veneration? They will tell you that they are paying homage to the host, bread they believe has actually turned into the actual body and blood of Jesus after being consecrated by a priest. Since the wafer, they believe, has been transformed into God Himself, it is the round wafer god inside the sunburst monstrance that they bow down to in worship, not the sunburst monstrance. However, the round wafer of bread itself is also a sun symbol, which is sometimes made quite obvious in Catholic representations of the host in various forms of artwork.

Above is the huge processional monstrance of the Cathedral of Toledo, Spain, made of gilded solid silver and solid gold, being paraded through the streets for public display on the festival of Corpus Christi. It is said to contain 18 kg (40 pounds) of gold, and 183 kg (400 pounds) of silver, for a total weight nearing 1/4 ton of precious metals.

The great monstrance of the cathedral of Toledo, which is more than twelve feet high, and the construction of which occupied in all more than 100 years, is adorned with 260 statuettes, one of the largest of which is said to be made of the gold brought by Columbus from the New World.

Source: Catholic Encyclopedia Online, Ostensorium (Monstrance).

At right is the general sunburst pattern used to symbolize the host, the supposed "true body" of Christ. This design has also been adopted by the Jesuits as their symbol. The IHS is thought by some to represent the first letters of each word in the Latin phrase Iesus Hominum Salvator (Jesus Saviour of Men), although according to the Catholics themselves they actually represent the first three letters of the name "Jesus" in Greek (spelled in Greek iota-eta-sigma-omicron-upsilon-sigma). The pagan though, would quickly see the same sun disk symbol associated with many pagan deities of Egypt, among them Isis, Horus, and Seb. In Egyptian mythology Seb (Geb) was the father of the goddess Isis (Aset), the mother and protectress of her divine son Horus (Harpocrates). Horus (the younger) is frequently depicted on Egyptian temples as a winged sun disk, representing the rays of the rising sun.

 

At left is a statuette of the Egyptian goddess Isis. Her headdress shows the sun disk within the horns of an Apis bull, symbology which is virtually identical to that of the sunburst monstrance. Also of note, in Isis lap is her infant son, Horus. In this one image you have the symbology of  the Catholic monstrance and Mother / child worship which is so prominent in Catholicism.

The Egyptian pharaoh also claimed to be the embodiment of Horus on earth, much like the pope claims to be the infallible Vicar of Christ on earth.

The British Museum.

 
The Apis bull, as depicted in this Egyptian statuette, is likely to be the pattern used for the golden calf the Israelites made at Mount Sinai (Exo. 32), since they were undoubtedly quite familiar with it as a result of their long captivity in Egypt. Note that in front of the sun disk and horns, which looks virtually identical to some Catholic monstrances, there is the serpent poised to strike. In Scripture the serpent is symbolic of Satan. (Gen 3, Rev. 12:9)
 

The British Museum.

At left is the reverse side of a medal commemorating the Catholic Eucharistic Congress held in Chicago in 1926 (On the front there is a bust of Pope Pius XI). Note that the round wafer host above the golden cup is portrayed as a radiant sunburst.

UBI PETRUS - IBI ECCLESIA
Where Peter is, there is the Church

 

The Worship of Baal is Sun Worship

Below is an artifact unearthed in the holy of holies of the pagan temple in the Canaanite city of Hatzor / Hazor, in northern Israel. It is described as follows:

"Of special interest is a square basalt altar for burning incense. On one of its sides, a circle with a cross in the center – the divine symbol of the Canaanite storm god – is carved in low relief."

"... a basalt offering table, pillar-shaped, with a carved symbol of the storm god Baal on its side. That symbol was a circle with a cross in the center"

Sources:
Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Hatzor: "The Head of all those Kingdoms"
University of Illinois, Religious Studies, Hazor

 

2 Ki 23:3 And the king [Josiah] stood by a pillar, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep his commandments and his testimonies and his statutes with all their heart and all their soul, to perform the words of this covenant that were written in this book. And all the people stood to the covenant.
2 Ki 23:4 And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, to bring forth out of the temple of the LORD all the vessels that were made for Baal, and for the grove, and for all the host of heaven: and he burned them without Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron, and carried the ashes of them unto Bethel.
2 Ki 23:5 And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to burn incense in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that burned incense unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the planets, and to all the host of heaven.
2 Ki 23:6 And he brought out the grove from the house of the LORD, without Jerusalem, unto the brook Kidron, and burned it at the brook Kidron, and stamped it small to powder, and cast the powder thereof upon the graves of the children of the people.


Baal Worship in Canaan    Baal worship revolved around two themes that represented the conception of Baal his worshipers held. Baal was both the sun-god and storm-god. He was worshiped as sun-god when the people wished to express thanks and gratitude for light and warmth and fertility.

Source: Holman Bible Dictionary, Computer version, entry on Baal by James Newell.


BAAL AS A DEITY

... in many Chanaanite, Phoenician, or Palmyrene shrines, the sun was the Baal worshipped, ...

Source: The Catholic Encyclopedia Online, entry on Baal, Baalim.


  Catholic Sunburst Eucharist Host 
Here the Eucharistic host, as Catholics call it, has actually been made as a sunburst (note the flames around the edge). This sun symbol, after consecration, is called the true body of God, to be adored and bowed down to and worshipped by the laity, especially when displayed inside a sunburst monstrance.

Note the similarity to the symbol of Baal from Hatzor: a cross within a circle.

  From the video "This is my Body, This is my Blood,
Miracles of the Holy Eucharist" by
Bob and Penny Lord
Copyright © 1988.

At left is a pagan Canaanite cultic pillar or "matstsebah", also found in excavations of the city of  Hatzor, showing hands raised in praise to the sun disk, portrayed within the crescent moon.

Deu 16:22 Neither shalt thou set thee up any image (matstsebah); which the LORD thy God hateth.

On the cover of  the Jan/Feb 2000 edition of
Envoy Magazine, a Catholic publication, an elevated consecrated host of the Eucharist is unmistakably depicted as a bright yellow sun disk against the background of a cloudy blue sky!

Above photo by Richard Lannoy

 

At left is pope John Paul II celebrating Mass, elevating a large host for adoration. Note the similarity with the pagan Canaanite pillar!

Image from the "Be Not Afraid" series of videos, Copyright © 1993,
Apostolate for Family Consecration,
P.O. Box 151, Bloomingdale Ohio, 43910.

 

Do you think this is what Jesus had in mind at the Last Supper? No, when He "broke bread" He handed His disciples a torn fragment of unleavened bread, that symbolized His sinless broken body on the cross, but this is NOT what is conveyed with a pressed, round, intact and unbroken wafer that has been so commonly used.

Now, a Catholic might respond: the manna that fell from heaven was ROUND:

Exo 16:14 And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the wilderness there lay a small round thing, as small as the hoar frost on the ground.

Voila! The round disk-like wafer host of the Mass is a copy of God's manna!

No. Not, so fast. Note that scripture give us a description of manna in size, shape, color and taste:

Exo 16:14 And when the layer of dew lifted, there, on the surface of the wilderness, was a small round substance, as fine as frost on the ground. [NKJV]

Exo 16:31 And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna: and it was like coriander seed [in size and shape], white [color]; and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey. [KJV]

Num 11:7 And the manna was as coriander seed [in size and shape], and the colour thereof as the colour of bdellium [white].
Num 11:8 And the people went about, and gathered it, and ground it in mills, or beat it in a mortar, and baked it in pans, and made cakes of it: and the taste of it was as the taste of fresh oil. [KJV]

Psa 78:24 he rained down manna for the people to eat, he gave them the grain of heaven. [NIV]
Psa 78:24 And had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven. [KJV]

The size and shape of manna

Exodus 16:14 tells us manna was small, small like the frost on the ground. We are also told in Exodus and Numbers that manna was like Coriander seed. Coriander is common today, and is used in brewing beer. It is round like a ball, and quite small. Eight to ten Coriander seeds might fit in the space of a pea. A picture of one ounce (hundreds) of Coriander Seeds. So Coriander is a miniscule round seed.

In Psalm 78 manna is further described as the grain or corn of heaven. In Strong's the word in Psalm 78 is:

H1715. dagan, daw-gawn'; from H1711; prop. increase, i.e. grain:--corn ([floor]), wheat.

Manna, therefore, was small and round like a ball, similar to a small seed grain.

The color of manna

The meaning of bdellium is somewhat uncertain, however, similar words in other languages favor identification with a resinous gum. In droplet form, the gum may have the appearance of a pearl, white. Exodus 16:31 confirms that manna was white in color by plainly stating it.

The taste of manna

Exo 16:31 ... the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.

Num 11:8 ... the taste of it was as the taste of fresh oil.

As described in the Bible, manna resembled Coriander in size and shape: it was like a grain, like a small white round ball-like seed which was collected, ground up, and baked to make cakes, like wheat is ground to make bread. So, no, the Catholic wafer host does not imitate manna in either size or shape.


Here is a Catholic Web page advocating that churches begin a program of perpetual 24 hour adoration (worship), of the wafer host:

Apostolate for Perpetual Adoration.

You might call this the perpetual worshipping of "God in (of ?) the Sunburst Monstrance".

Here are additional pictures of monstrances online-

Museum of Monte Cassino, Italy.
The Eucharistic Miracle of Lanciano.

The last item is quite extraordinary. In the 8th century, it is alleged that the host and wine turned into actual living flesh and blood during a Mass, which it is said, remain well preserved in a monstrance in Italy to this day.

Here at   Eucharistic Phenomena they attempt to explain and elaborate on such "inexplicable miracles".

On the right is a photo of a stele from Ur of the Chaldees, with the symbol of the Babylonian sun god Shamash within the crescent of the moon goddess Nanna.

  Stele of Ur-Nammu, detail
 
At right is a close-up of a monstrance, and inside the glass enclosure is a crescent, upon which the round wafer god host is placed, a virtual duplication of the symbology of the Canaanite and Chaldean stele shown above. Many monstrances use this crescent, which is officially called a "lunette" or "luna" (moon), to hold the round wafer host. The sun disk in the crescent moon is a quite common symbol for pagan religions, to include Babylon, Syria, and India.

 

From the video "666 and the Mark" by James Arrabito,
Copyright © LLT Productions - Used by Permission

Worshipping the Eucharist as God

Images from the video "666 and the Mark" by James Arrabito,
Copyright © LLT Productions - Used by Permission

Above on the left you see the pagan sunburst wafer god, inscribed with IHS and the cross, is portrayed above the cup of wine. This is the door to a place where the wine and wafers are stored. Above on the right, you see a similar carving depicting angels kneeling in idolatrous adoration or worship of the wafer god and wine.

In case you think the word "worship" is an exaggeration on my part, please note this paragraph from the new Vatican Catechism of the Catholic Church: (Italics present in the original text)

1378 Worship of the Eucharist. In the liturgy of the Mass we express our faith in the real presence of Christ under the species of bread and wine by, among other ways, genuflecting or bowing deeply as a sign of adoration of the Lord. "The Catholic church has always offered and still offers to the sacrament of the Eucharist the cult of adoration, not only during Mass, but also outside of it, reserving the consecrated host with the utmost care, exposing them to the solemn veneration of the faithful, and carrying them in procession."

Source: Catechism of the Catholic Church, published by Ligouri Publications, English translation © 1994 by the United States Catholic Conference, Inc.--Libreria Editrice Vaticana, bearing the Imprimi Potest of Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger, page 347.


And note this decree concerning the Most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist from the thirteenth session of the Council of Trent, October 11th, 1551:

Chapter V
 THE WORSHIP AND VENERATION TO BE SHOWN TO
THIS MOST HOLY SACRAMENT

There is, therefore, no room for doubt that all the faithful of Christ may, in accordance with a custom always received in the Catholic Church, give to this most holy sacrament in veneration the worship of latria, which is due to the true God.

Source: The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent, Translated and introduced by Rev. H. J. Schroeder, O.P., Published by  Tan Books and Publishers, INC., Rockford Illinois, 61105, © 1978, ISBN: 0-89555-074-1, page 76.

Here is the  Thirteenth Session of Trent online. See Chapter V.


Dominicae Cenae - On the Mystery and Worship of the Eucharist, promulgated by John Paul II On February 24, 1980 To All the Bishops of the Church.


Conclusion

So the Catholic Church describes itself in its documents as engaged in the act of worshipping the Eucharist, which is also called adoration or veneration. Isn't it amazing how the Catholic Church justifies bowing down before images of the sun, as depicted by the monstrance and a round wafer, by claiming the bread has actually become God! God's commandment is cleverly made of no effect by the Traditions of men, by mixing error and truth.

Note these 100 Lire coins issued by the Vatican for nearly 10 years. (Click on a coin for a closer look.)


Pope Pius the 12th - 1958 

Pope John the 23rd - 1959 
CITTÁ DEL VATICANO - CITY OF PROPHECY

Pope Paul the 6th - 1963 

Incredibly enough, the woman representing faith (the Catholic Church) on the reverse side of the coins holds up a cup in her right hand, in which you see pagan sunburst wafer god, which recalls these verses in Revelation:

Rev 17:4 And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication:

Rev 18:3 For all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the abundance of her delicacies.

The cup of wine of the apostate woman (church) represents spiritual and doctrinal fornication, a mixing of truth and error, Christianity and paganism, which she has taught to the world (made the nations drink).

Rev 17:5 And upon her forehead was a name written, MYSTERY, BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF HARLOTS AND ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH.

There is only one self-proclaimed "Mother" church, The Universal (Catholic) Church.

Rev 18:4 And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come out of her, my people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye receive not of her plagues.
Rev 18:5 For her sins have reached unto heaven, and God hath remembered her iniquities.

See also:

star.gif (4793 bytes) The Sun Wheel, the Obelisk and Baal.
star.gif (4793 bytes) The Sunburst Image, the Queen of Heaven and Baal.
star.gif (4793 bytes) The Catholic Mass.


star.gif (4793 bytes) A Catholic rebuttal by Mario Derksen
star.gif (4793 bytes) A Troubled Catholic Writes Karl Keating (Am I Demon Possessed?)


 

 

 

 

The IHS "Jesus" connection to Baal

Consecration to Flaming Sacred Hearts.

Many of the Catholic statues and illustrations of Mary and Jesus will depict an exposed heart, and if you look closely, many times you will see that there is a surrounding sun burst and a flame on top of the heart. An example of this can be seen at left, which by Catholic teaching, portrays the immaculate heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary, to which Catholics are to consecrate themselves.

Consecration is defined by the Catholic Encyclopedia as "the act and ceremony by which a person or thing is dedicated to sacred service or set apart for sacred use." So for a Catholic to consecrate themselves to the Immaculate Heart of Mary is to dedicate their life in service to Mary.

From the book
"Miraculous Images of Our Lady",
by Joan Carroll Cruz -Copyright © 1993,
TAN Books and Publishers, INC.,
Rockford, Illinois 61105.
 

Here are examples of this Catholic teaching, beginning with consecration to Mary:


Give all to Jesus through Mary

When a person is truly consecrated to Mary, he lives that consecration each day by giving himself and all that he has to the Mother of God. This includes his natural property and possessions as well as his supernatural merits and graces. EVERYTHING is presented to Mary to use as she wills.

Indeed, this total offering often frightens many people, but it should not. Those who cannot entrust their lives and possessions to Mary do not really know her very well. The Mother of God is all love, mercy and goodness. Basically, this is the message of her Immaculate Heart.

No Christian who understands his faith would be fearful about giving everything to Jesus, for the God-Man is completely worthy and deserving of trust. But the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the Immaculate Heart of Mary beat as one. That is to say, Mary's will is always the same as her Divine Son's. Since God wants devotion to the Immaculate Heart of Mary established in the world, those who consecrate themselves to the Mother of God do the will of her Son. They go to Jesus in union with Mary.

Source: Catholic Truth for Youth, by Father Robert J. Fox, copyright 1978, published by Ave Maria Institute, Washington, N.J. 07882, page 431.


In this remarkable image of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, from the now closed Magnificat Meal Movement International web site (based in Australia), note that Mary is depicted as bearing the nail wounds in her palms as if she were the one crucified on the cross! This is both blasphemous and Antichrist!


This consecration in service to Mary is quite contrary to scripture and the teachings of Jesus-

Mat 4:10 Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.

Luke 4:8 And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.

And now the Catholic teaching on the Sacred Heart of Jesus:


Sacred Heart of Jesus

1. The Sacred Heart of Jesus is a devotion to Jesus Christ, consisting of worship of Him through His heart as representing His love shown in the Incarnation. His passion and death, the institution of the Eucharist. The devotion is centered on reparation to Christ for man's ingratitude, manifested particularly by indifference to the Holy Eucharist. The worship is not directed to the Heart alone, but to the Person of Jesus Christ. The Church forbids public cult of the Heart separated from the rest of the body, but allows private veneration, as is the case of Sacred Heart badges.

2. A feast, requested by our Lord Himself, commemorates the unrequited love of the Sacred Heart in the Eucharist and is celebrated on the Friday after the feast of Corpus Christi.

3. Enthronement of the Sacred Heart in the home is acknowledgment of the sovereignty of Christ over the family. It is expressed through solemn installation of the head of the house of a representation of the Sacred Heart in a place of honor, together with an act of consecration, in the presence of the entire family. Another indulgenced practice for individuals or families is to spend an hour in reparation before the Blessed Sacrament or before an image of the Sacred Heart in the home between the hours of 9 P.M. and 6 A.M.

Source: The Catholic Encyclopedia, revised and updated, edited by Robert Broderick, copyright 1987, published by Thomas Nelson Publishers, page 535.

 

At right is an illustration of the flaming sacred heart of Jesus from a 19th century Catholic book, Catholic Oratory: a Compilation of Sacred and Sublime Orations, published by T. F. Connealy, New York, in 1891, with the approbation of the Archbishop of New York, Michael Augustine, that was titled "The Five Wounds" (of Christ).

According to Catholic teaching-

It was to St. Margaret Mary Alacoque, a humble nun of the Order of the Visitation of Our Lady that Our Lord chose to reveal to the world His Sacred Heart, thus opening a New Era of Grace and Mercy in the history of the Church and the world. These private revelations took place during the years 1673-1675, and are drawn from the diary of St. Margaret Mary Alacoque, the witness of her fellow sisters, and that of her spiritual director, St. Claude de La Colombiere.

Notice how St. Margaret Mary Alacoque describes the revelation of the "Sacred Heart" of Jesus (emphasis is mine):

Our Lord makes known the Devotion of the First Fridays: June 1674

On the First Friday of each month, the above-mentioned grace connected with the pain in my side was renewed in the following manner: the Sacred Heart was represented to me as a resplendent sun, the burning rays of which fell vertically upon my heart, which was inflamed with a fire so fervid that it seemed as if it would reduce me to ashes. It was at these times especially that my Divine Master taught me what He required of me and disclosed to me the secrets of His loving Heart. On one occasion, while the Blessed Sacrament was exposed, feeling wholly withdrawn within myself by an extraordinary recollection of all my senses and powers, Jesus Christ, my sweet Master, presented Himself to me, all resplendent with glory, His Five Wounds shining like so many suns. Flames issued from every part of His Sacred Humanity, especially from His Adorable Breast, which resembled an open furnace and disclosed to me His most loving and most amiable Heart, which was the living source of these flames. It was then that He made known to me the ineffable marvels of His pure love and showed me to what an excess He had loved men, from whom He received only ingratitude and contempt.

Source: The Revelation of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, online at The Mantle, the Apostolate Alliance of the Two Hearts.


So the Catholic Church encourages people to "enthrone" an image of the flaming heart of Jesus in their home and venerate or worship it. As shown above, the first Friday of every month and indeed the whole month of June are set aside for the veneration of the flaming Sacred Heart of Jesus.

Exo 20:4 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth:
Exo 20:5 Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;

The above commandment of God makes no exception for images of hearts. Bowing down to, or venerating any image what-so-ever is clearly prohibited, yet the Roman Catholic church teaches its people to do exactly that.


From the 1913 edition of the Catholic Encyclopedia, at the New Advent Supersite:

Devotion to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
Devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus

Also visit the Apostolate Alliance of the Two Hearts- The Mantle.
Marians of the Immaculate Conception.

And here are no less than four papal encyclicals that are dedicated to the cult of the Sacred Heart:

Annum Sacrum by Leo XIII in 1899.
Caritate Christis Compulsi by Pius XI in 1932.
Miserrentissimus Redemtor by Pius XI in 1928.
Haurietis Aquas by Pius XII in 1956.

It is worth noting the following from Haurietis Aquas:

23. It is of course beyond doubt that the Sacred Books never make express mention of a special worship of veneration and love made to the physical Heart of the Incarnate Word as the symbol of His burning love.

So, Pius XII readily admits that veneration of the Sacred Heart is unbiblical. This prompts the question, just where does this type of worship really originate?

From the video "666 and the Mark" by James Arrabito,
Copyright © LLT Productions - Used by Permission

Human sacrifice, particularly by offering a victim's heart to the sun god, was commonly practiced ...

Source: Encyclopedia Britannia online, Aztec.

As illustrated above on the left by the stone carving from Cozumel, the pagan Aztecs / Mayans of Mexico would cut the heart out of a living victim and offer it as a sacrifice to the sun god, in this case, Kukulcan / Quetzalcoatl, also known as the feathered serpent. And in the very similar stained-glass window on the right, note that the Sacred Heart is portrayed as aflame in the sky like the sun, being adored by two angels!

The word for heart is identical* to the word for Baal - (bl) in Hebrew and Chaldee.
From Strong's Hebrew Dictionary:

H1078, bel - Hebrew word for Baal, is found in Isa 46:1, Jer 50:2, 51:44.
H1079, bal - Chaldee word for heart, is found in Dan 6:14.
(* The only difference as listed is the vowel marking, but vowel marks are an invention of the Masorete Scribes of the Tenth Century)

H3820, leb - Hebrew word for heart, occurs hundreds of times in the Old Testament and is the word for Baal spelled backwards!
H3821, leb - Chaldee word for heart, is found in Dan 7:28.

H3826, libbah, Hebrew word for heart, occurs in eight verses.
H3827, labbah, Hebrew word for flame, is found in Exodus 3:2.

From the "Be Not Afraid" series of videos, Copyright ©1992,
Apostolate for Family Consecration 

Above on the left, from a Roman Catholic instructional video, the flaming heart symbology is superimposed directly over the sun, making the association quite plain, and unmistakable. The close-up on the right illustrates the flaming hearts of Mary and Jesus as portrayed in the left image.

So the Roman Catholic Church did not invent the flaming Sacred Heart, but rather they apparently adopted the symbology from the human sacrifices practiced by pagan sun worshippers, and the worship of Baal is sun worship.

 

Christ = 666

There is overwhelming evidence that the name IHS or ΙΗΣΟ is the pagan son of Zeus or...

 666-as written in Greeksee below

The Greek alphabet have numerical values.  The 3 Greek letters used in Rev. 13:18 in referring to this 'mark',  were:

X     (=Chi) 600;
Xi    (shaped like a curled capital E) 60
s     (Sigma) 6
Thus XES (approx.).  In the original Greek it is written as:
666-as written in Greek

The 1st and 3rd letters, it is said,  represent the first and last letters of the title "Christos" and the middle letter represents the symbol of the serpent and is intimately connected with the ancient Egyptian Mysteries. (Source:  "Number in Scripture" - Dr E W  Bullinger pg 49).

Bear in mind that we are still after the 'Name' of this opposing force against the True God YHVH, which, if this Scripture in Rev.13:16-18 has any reference to it, is linked with this mysterious symbol linked to paganism - the symbol of the serpent.

In Greek,  the first of these three letters,  X,  also takes the sound of a 'Z' - as in Xenephen or Xylophone.

The first and last Greek letters of this 666 formula, may therefore also be referring to the first and last letters of the name 'Zeus'.

REAL FACE OF THE LIAR AND SON OF LIES
The Son of Lie

The Face of the Liar and Non-Existent Jesus Christ
 

REVELATIONS 13:18 IN GREEK LANGUAGE:

(In original Greek language text supposedly written by John in Greece )

beast2

English language translation:

Revelation 13:18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number [is] Six hundred threescore [and] six.

xes= 666.  In GREEK they use letters INSTEAD of numbers.

The number 666 is represented by the Greek letters , xes2,xes3and xes3, (Chi, Xi and Sigma). 

The explanation below shows how these Greek letters can be interpreted to represent titles for Jesus.  

Note: There are various Christian symbols used throughout the history of the Church which employ letters from Christos, , the Greek word for Christ, sometimes in combination with letters from other titles for Jesus. For instance, the famous chi-rho monogram, a symbol which became part of the official standard of the emperor Constantine, was made from the first two letters of Christos , and . Other symbols use the first and last letter, or just the first, and so on. 

INTERPRETATION OF GREEK LETTERS:

 600 = (Chi)xes2 first letter of his name

 60 = (Xi)xes3 represents a serpent like the letter E

 6 = (Sigma)xes3last letter of his name

(Chrestos)

Christos = 666 are the initials of the name of the Beast, in Greek.

xes2 xes3xes3corresponds approximately to    Xes or Ches.  

( "Xes" and "Ches" have the same sound as the "Jes" in Jesus.)

Note: In the 16th century, the "J" version of the “I" adopted a new sound, like in “X". "XEZVS" in Roman letters: Xesús (Jesús).

We can clearly observe that Revelations 13:18 loses real meaning/sense when original Greek numbers are translated in other languages to written form as six-hundred-and-sixty-six. ("Der Meramiemann")

So, know we see the clear connection behind the name Jesus being to "son" of Zeus and the abbreviated form of Christ (Xes) being the literal interpretation of The Mark of Jesus Christ equaling 666.  We already know, the X is the monogram for Jesus Christ.